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ProgrammingDEV Community ·

Power BI Data Modelling: Relationships, Schemas, and Table Structures Explained

Data modelling in Power BI involves organizing and connecting data across multiple tables so it can be accurately analyzed and summarized. The process relies on two core table types: fact tables, which store quantitative transactional data with foreign keys, and dimension tables, which hold descriptive attributes linked via primary keys. Two common structural approaches are the star schema, which is simple and reduces duplication but requires careful relationship management, and the snowflake schema, which offers better organization for complex datasets but introduces more relationships to maintain. Primary keys serve as unique identifiers within dimension tables, while foreign keys in fact tables reference those primary keys to establish connections between tables. Understanding these relationships is essential for building accurate, interactive Power BI dashboards and reports.

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ProgrammingDEV Community ·

How a Two-Queue Tool Bus Can Prevent Double-Commits in AI Agent Retries

A software architect discovered a duplicate-ticket bug after an AI planner retried a tool call it presumed had failed, when in fact the worker had already committed the action before crashing. The core problem stems from at-least-once delivery queues and crash-stop workers, where planner timeouts are misread as clean failures rather than ambiguous unknowns. The proposed fix centers on a stable intent ID minted before any external call, with a dedicated outbox serving as the sole authority that authorizes side-effecting operations. Workers must perform a compare-and-set state transition before executing, and results must be keyed by intent ID and generation to prevent stale responses from corrupting the plan. The architecture review argues that skipping any of these four constraints under schedule pressure creates the exact failure conditions that produce silent double-commits in production.

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ProgrammingDEV Community ·

How to securely deploy a Dockerized app on a VPS using Caddy and keep Postgres private

A common security pitfall for developers hosting side projects on cheap VPS servers is leaving PostgreSQL exposed on port 5432, skipping HTTPS, and committing secrets to version control. A single Docker Compose file can address all three issues by placing Caddy as the only internet-facing service on ports 80 and 443, while the app and database communicate solely over an internal Docker network. Caddy handles automatic TLS certificate issuance via Let's Encrypt, proxying external traffic to the app container without exposing it directly to the host. The database container omits any published ports entirely, ensuring Postgres is never reachable from the public internet. The setup requires a VPS running Ubuntu with Docker installed, a domain A record pointing to the server's IP, and a securely generated .env file that is never committed to the repository.

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ProgrammingDEV Community ·

Mosaic ERP v1.3.4 Fixes First-Run Setup Bugs and Adds Windows Installer

Mosaic ERP, an open-source retail ERP system, has released version 1.3.4 focused entirely on improving the first-run experience after installation. A key bug fix ensures that the configuration profile shown during the setup review is exactly the one applied, preventing unintended modules like stock tracking from being enabled for businesses that did not request them. The update also automatically creates essential accounting defaults — including accounts, document sequences, and local currency — so users can post invoices immediately after setup. For Windows users, a proper installer executable has been added alongside the existing portable version, featuring Start Menu shortcuts, an uninstaller, and an entry in Settings > Apps, though both Windows and macOS installers remain unsigned for now. Additional minor fixes include a corrected Settings menu link, improved API error responses, and enhancements to the AI assistant feature currently in preview.

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ProgrammingDEV Community ·

Why AI Model Calls Need a Budget Row in Your Database, Not a Browser Key

A software engineering opinion piece argues that wiring AI model calls directly through the browser — with provider keys stored in local storage — creates uncontrolled write authority over stored data such as invoices and comments. The author contends that every model call capable of affecting stored state must be validated against a tenant budget row before any write is permitted, with the server returning a 402 status if the budget is insufficient. Without this constraint, successful model responses and user auth checks alone can silently allow unintended or duplicated writes to persist in the database. The piece proposes a reference schema using two tables — one tracking inference budgets per tenant and purpose, and another logging spend events with a unique idempotency key to prevent duplicate charges from network retries. The core argument is that missing budget enforcement is a database constraint problem, not an AI or vendor SDK problem, and must be solved at the only layer that can refuse a write.

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ProgrammingHacker News ·

Researchers examine whether Monkey Island's grog could really dissolve a metal mug

A science-focused article published in the Journal of Geek Studies on September 23, 2026, investigates a famous gag from the classic adventure game Monkey Island. The piece asks whether grog, the game's fictional corrosive drink, could realistically dissolve a metal mug as quickly as depicted. The analysis applies real-world chemistry and materials science to evaluate the plausibility of the in-game scenario. The article gained traction on Hacker News, accumulating over 100 points and sparking discussion among readers.

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ProgrammingDEV Community ·

How AI Coding Tools Are Reshaping Sprint Velocity and Software Cost Models

A new enterprise-grade framework proposes that traditional sprint velocity metrics are obsolete in AI-assisted development, where code generation takes minutes rather than days. The model redefines velocity as 'verified story points delivered per oversight hour,' shifting the primary bottleneck from code production to human review, architectural alignment, and security checks. A key concept called the Requirement Stabilization Index (RSI) tracks how quickly project requirements converge across short one-to-three day sprints, with early sprints absorbing high churn and later sprints reaching near-full stability. The framework also highlights AI as a 'variance absorber,' reducing the financial penalty of mid-sprint requirement changes since code can be regenerated in minutes at minimal cost rather than rewritten manually. Total sprint costs under this model are calculated by combining senior developer oversight hours, AI operational token costs, tooling amortization, and maintenance overhead.

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ProgrammingDEV Community ·

How to Build Reliable DNS and Mail Delivery Checks for Edtech Onboarding

A technical guide outlines best practices for verifying domain ownership and email deliverability in edtech enrollment workflows using Node.js. The article distinguishes between two types of checks: a DNS record-only verification that confirms domain control via a TXT token, and an outcome-first check that validates actual mail delivery through a controlled test. It warns that passing a DNS ownership challenge does not guarantee email will reach students, since SPF, DKIM, or DMARC misconfigurations can still cause delivery failures. Developers are advised to maintain separate status indicators for ownership verification and mail readiness, rather than a single combined badge. The guide also stresses logging detailed audit trails for both DNS queries and SMTP transactions to support accurate diagnostics.

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ProgrammingHacker News ·

Woman Arrested at City Council Meeting After Speaking on Flock Cameras

A woman was arrested and physically removed following a city council meeting where she spoke about Flock surveillance cameras. The incident occurred after the council reportedly denied residents the right to speak on the topic. The story was reported by 404media.co and gained attention on Hacker News. Further details about the location, charges, or outcome of the arrest are not available from the provided source text.

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ProgrammingHacker News ·

The Art and Design Secrets Behind Looney Tunes' 'What's Opera, Doc?'

A deep-dive analysis explores the distinctive visual style of 'What's Opera, Doc?', the acclaimed 1957 Looney Tunes short directed by Chuck Jones. The piece examines the artistic choices and influences that gave the cartoon its unique, expressionistic look, setting it apart from typical animation of the era. The article was published on Animation Obsessive, a Substack newsletter dedicated to animation history and craft. It gained traction on Hacker News, drawing interest from readers curious about the intersection of art direction and classic animation.

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ProgrammingDEV Community ·

Developers Build AI Fraud Investigator Using TigerGraph and Local Language Models

A team built Casework, an agentic fraud investigation application, as part of the TigerGraph and HHGoa developer challenge. The tool connects graph-based evidence from TigerGraph Savanna, a local Llama 3.2 language model via Ollama, vector document retrieval, and policy rules to investigate flagged financial transactions. Starting from a suspicious transaction trigger, the system traces relationships, calculates signals, retrieves historical cases, and produces a structured investigation record with a recommended action. The language model's role is deliberately constrained — it proposes queries and reviews evidence but cannot execute database commands or financial actions, keeping decisions tied to explicit policy rules. The project's source code and 20 benchmark case files are publicly available on GitHub.

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ProgrammingHacker News ·

Rails World 2026 Opening Keynote Now Available on YouTube

The opening keynote from Rails World 2026 has been published on YouTube. The video was shared on Hacker News, where it received 49 points and 22 comments. Rails World is a major conference centered around the Ruby on Rails web development framework. The keynote session typically sets the tone for the event, highlighting new developments and the direction of the Rails ecosystem. No further details about the keynote's specific content were provided in the source.

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ProgrammingHacker News ·

JavaScript in 2026: Key Trends and Features Developers Should Know

A new guide published on master.dev outlines what developers should be aware of regarding JavaScript heading into 2026. The article covers evolving language features, tooling updates, and shifting best practices in the JavaScript ecosystem. It aims to help both new and experienced developers stay current with the rapidly changing landscape. The post has gained attention on Hacker News, sparking early discussion among the developer community.

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ProgrammingHacker News ·

Google Launches Gemini 3.8 Text-to-Speech Model

Google has announced Gemini 3.8, a new text-to-speech model, shared via the official Google blog under its models and research section. The release marks Google's latest addition to its Gemini AI model lineup, focusing on speech synthesis capabilities. The announcement was picked up by the Hacker News community, garnering 37 points and 16 comments. Text-to-speech technology converts written text into natural-sounding spoken audio, a growing area of AI development. Further technical details are available on Google's official Gemini models blog page.

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ProgrammingDEV Community ·

LLM Agent Crash Recovery and Retry Deduplication Tested Across 3 Frameworks in 34 Runs

A developer ran 34 controlled experiments across LangGraph, Strands, and CrewAI to measure how AI agents handle process crashes and duplicate side effects during LLM retries. LangGraph with a durable checkpointer recovered from a SIGKILL in under 0.02 seconds with zero additional LLM calls, while Strands and CrewAI performed full re-runs averaging over 5 and 2 LLM calls respectively. The study also tested three idempotency key strategies to prevent duplicate tool executions on retry, finding that content-hash keys silently fail when the LLM rewords its arguments during a retry, producing a different hash and bypassing deduplication. Position-based keys, which identify a tool call by its place in the workflow rather than its content, proved more reliable at catching duplicates across retry scenarios. The findings highlight that true crash recovery requires state stored outside the process, and that LLM retries cannot be treated like standard HTTP replays due to non-deterministic argument generation.

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ProgrammingDEV Community ·

Simulation Shows Even 96% RTP Cannot Save Players From Eventual Bankroll Ruin

A developer building a slot engine ran simulations to test how different Return to Player (RTP) settings — 90%, 96%, and 99% — affect a player's risk of losing their entire bankroll. The key insight is that RTP applies to every euro wagered, including re-bet winnings, meaning a fixed deposit can fuel far more total betting action than its face value suggests. Even at 96% RTP, the house edge of 4% compounds with each spin, steadily eroding a limited bankroll over time. The simulation used a simplified five-outcome payout model with 1,000 virtual players, each starting with €100 and a €1 fixed bet, running up to thousands of spins. Results illustrated that a higher RTP slows the rate of ruin but does not eliminate it, reinforcing that theoretical payout percentages are long-run averages and not a reliable safeguard for individual players with finite funds.

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ProgrammingDEV Community ·

Developer gives local AI assistant persistent memory, dreams, and self-reflection

A developer has expanded a home-built AI assistant by equipping it with permanent personal memory and a 'dreaming' mechanism that periodically reviews its accumulated history. Drawing on concepts from cognitive psychology, the project explores what happens when a large language model builds and refines a model of itself over time. The assistant was observed independently structuring its memory, evolving its self-model, and generating spontaneous visual self-expressions during human interactions. Running the assistant locally, rather than via cloud services, allowed deeper investigation of its cognitive capabilities. What began as a personal hardware project evolved into a philosophical inquiry into the boundaries of machine awareness and synthetic personality.

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ProgrammingDEV Community ·

Replacing Supervisor LLMs with Typed State Machines Cuts Multi-Agent Token Use by 70%

Engineers building multi-agent AI systems often rely on a central supervisor LLM to coordinate specialized subagents, but this approach inflates token costs, causes evaluation drift, and leaves poor audit trails. The core problem is that supervisor LLMs re-evaluate growing context windows at every step, causing token consumption to scale quadratically with workflow depth. To address this, the team replaced their supervisor LLM with a deterministic typed state machine, where each agent step operates on a strictly defined input payload and returns a schema-validated receipt instead of free-form text. This architectural shift eliminated non-deterministic routing loops and reduced overall token consumption by over 70%. The typed receipt system also creates a verifiable transition log, making it straightforward to audit why any specific agent action was taken.

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