Power BI Data Modelling: Relationships, Schemas, and Table Structures Explained

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Data modelling in Power BI involves organizing and connecting data across multiple tables so it can be accurately analyzed and summarized. The process relies on two core table types: fact tables, which store quantitative transactional data with foreign keys, and dimension tables, which hold descriptive attributes linked via primary keys. Two common structural approaches are the star schema, which is simple and reduces duplication but requires careful relationship management, and the snowflake schema, which offers better organization for complex datasets but introduces more relationships to maintain. Primary keys serve as unique identifiers within dimension tables, while foreign keys in fact tables reference those primary keys to establish connections between tables. Understanding these relationships is essential for building accurate, interactive Power BI dashboards and reports.

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