Vehicle VIN's 10th digit marks model year, not build date, in 30-year cycle.

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The tenth character in a 17-digit Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) represents the vehicle's model year. This model year is a manufacturer designation and can differ from the actual calendar year the car was built. Official standards reuse a set of codes on an approximately 30-year cycle, mixing digits and letters. Developers must account for this full cycle to avoid mislabeling vehicles from different eras. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) provides the authoritative data for accurate decoding.

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