Third Most Costly X402 Error: Retrying Already Settled Payments

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A critical and costly error in the X402 protocol involves retrying a payment that has already settled on the blockchain but where the execution result was lost. This often occurs due to timeouts or opaque errors, leading clients to authorize a second, duplicate payment. The retry can trigger a double payment or re-execute an already-performed action, such as a purchase. This stems from a protocol gap where on-chain settlement proves payment but not the delivery or execution of the service. The safe practice is to verify payment and execution status with the operator before considering a retry.

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