Kubernetes Networking Level 5: How Ingress and Gateway API Route Internet Traffic

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A new tutorial in a five-part Kubernetes networking series explains how external internet users can reach applications running inside a Kubernetes cluster. The article covers Ingress, a Kubernetes API object that defines HTTP and HTTPS routing rules directing traffic to internal Services based on hostnames or URL paths. It clarifies a common beginner misconception: an Ingress object is only a set of rules and requires a separate Ingress Controller — such as NGINX, HAProxy, or Traefik — to actually enforce them. The piece also introduces the Gateway API, a newer and more expressive Kubernetes-native alternative to Ingress, and compares the two approaches. Additional topics include TLS termination, multi-domain routing, and a layered troubleshooting guide for the Ingress layer.

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