Key Approaches to Building a Work Queue for CI/CD Pipelines Explained

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A technical deep-dive explores the core requirements for implementing a work queue in CI/CD systems, including at-least-once delivery guarantees, retry mechanisms, and dead letter queues for failed jobs. Dedicated message brokers like Kafka and RabbitMQ offer high throughput — up to 1 million and 10,000 jobs per second respectively — while Redis streams and lists can handle around 20,000 jobs per second. Relational databases can also serve as job queues by using a status-tracked table, where workers claim and process jobs by updating row states. A key challenge with database-backed queues is preventing race conditions among competing workers, which can be addressed using SQL constructs like SELECT FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED. The article recommends keeping database transactions short-lived and adding indexes to maintain performance under load.

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