Dev Guide: How to Build an On-Premise Kubernetes Cluster Without Cloud Providers

·1 views

A developer has published the first part of a step-by-step series documenting how to build a self-hosted Kubernetes cluster using VPS and virtual machines, without relying on cloud platforms like AWS, GCP, or Azure. The minimal setup consists of three servers — one master control-plane node with 2 CPUs and 2 GB RAM, and two worker nodes each with 1 CPU and 1 GB RAM. Part 1 covers essential pre-installation steps, including configuring the /etc/hosts file for hostname resolution, opening required TCP ports in the firewall, and permanently disabling SWAP, which can interfere with Kubernetes memory management. The guide is intended as a practical reference for students, home lab enthusiasts, and professionals looking to replicate the setup or better understand managed cloud clusters. Part 2 will cover installing the container runtime and core Kubernetes packages — kubeadm, kubelet, and kubectl — across all nodes.

Read the full story at DEV Community

This is an AI-generated summary. ShortSingh links to the original source for the complete article.

Discussion (0)

Why Your Web Scraper Gets 403 on Servers but Works Fine Locally

Web scrapers that run without issue on a local machine often return 403 errors when deployed to cloud servers or CI runners, even with identical code. Anti-bot systems evaluate requests across multiple signals simultaneously — including IP reputation, TLS fingerprint, HTTP/2 settings, and header order — before any HTML is served. Datacenter IPs from providers like AWS, GCP, and DigitalOcean are pre-flagged by most anti-bot vendors, while residential IPs are not, which explains the local-versus-server discrepancy. A silent 403 with no CAPTCHA or challenge page typically indicates a block at the network layer, meaning fixes like changing the User-Agent or slowing request rates will not help. The recommended fix is to switch to residential or ISP proxies first, then match a real browser's TLS fingerprint, and only introduce a full browser automation setup for pages that genuinely require JavaScript execution.

0 comments Read more at DEV Community

ProgrammingDEV Community ·

How to stop CLAUDE.md from bloating and weakening your AI agent's instructions

Developers using Claude Code often let their CLAUDE.md configuration file grow unchecked, but every added line consumes tokens on every request and dilutes the model's compliance with each rule. The article argues that only truly universal, always-applicable instructions belong in CLAUDE.md, while situational guidance should be moved to skill files that load only when relevant tasks are triggered. Rules that can be machine-enforced — such as blocking pushes to main or preventing edits to sensitive files — should instead live in hooks, which fire deterministically without consuming context. Reference material like architecture notes or module histories belongs in a docs folder, linked from CLAUDE.md only when needed. The core principle is that leaner always-loaded files produce stronger instruction-following, while hooks and skills handle the rest without the token overhead.

0 comments Read more at DEV Community

ProgrammingDEV Community ·

Zenovay Exposed: Fake Team, False Launch Date, and Deceptive Tracking Script

A DEV Community investigation has identified Zenovay, a web analytics platform, as an apparent fraud with fabricated founding details. The platform's About page claims a 2023 launch, but its domain was not registered until July 28, 2025. All listed team members, including Engineering Lead Martin Hale, use AI-generated profile photos, and their blog posts are also AI-generated. Despite publicly claiming cookieless, identifier-free tracking, Zenovay's script actually sets a 30-day tracking cookie, writes to localStorage and IndexedDB, and sends a unique visitor UUID, among other undisclosed data collection practices. The platform's legal pages list only 'Zenovay, Switzerland' as an address, and its creator's identity remains unverifiable.

0 comments Read more at DEV Community

ProgrammingDEV Community ·

New middleware lets APIs charge AI bots per request instead of just blocking them

AI crawlers like GPTBot, ClaudeBot, and PerplexityBot now account for a measurable share of API traffic for many SaaS platforms, generating real infrastructure costs with no ad, subscription, or conversion revenue in return. Two emerging standards — Web Bot Auth (RFC 9421) and HTTP 402 with x402 — now allow servers to cryptographically verify bot identities and issue machine-readable payment demands that AI agents can settle automatically. A developer has released an open-source Node.js middleware called Wayleave that implements both standards, enabling API owners to charge verified bots per call, rate-limit unverified ones, and serve human users without any interruption. The tool is available now on npm under an MIT license with zero dependencies, while a companion hosted billing and metering service is still in the concept stage pending developer interest. The project's author is gauging demand via a waitlist at wayleave.dev before deciding whether to build the ledger and reconciliation layer.

0 comments Read more at DEV Community