Workflow vs Agent: When to Use Deterministic Orchestration or Dynamic Tool Selection
The article offers a decision framework for choosing between a deterministic workflow and an agent-based design in AI systems. It recommends workflows when execution paths are known in advance, when audit trails or predictable token costs matter, and agents when requests are ad hoc or may require unknown sub-tasks. A hybrid approach is presented for cases needing a fixed core plus live data or occasional dynamic reasoning. The piece includes a flowchart to guide the decision, a layered architecture breakdown covering orchestration, agent logic, tools, governance, and cost monitoring, and a Python helper function that codifies the selection logic.
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