Why TypeScript Developers Should Replace try-catch with Functional Either Types

TypeScript's exception-based error handling hides failures from function signatures, leaving callers unaware that a function can throw and forcing them to rely on try-catch blocks without compiler support. A functional alternative called the Either type explicitly encodes success or failure in the return type, making error states visible and compiler-enforced. Using Either, a function returns either a Right value on success or a Left value containing a typed error, eliminating guesswork in catch blocks. Operations can be composed cleanly using pipe and chain utilities, where any failing step short-circuits the pipeline and propagates the error automatically with its type intact. This approach improves code reliability and readability by ensuring error handling is explicit, typed, and impossible to accidentally overlook.