Why Restarted AI Agents Send Duplicate Messages and How to Fix It

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AI agents that recover from crashes can mistakenly send the same message twice when execution recovery and outbound-delivery recovery are treated as a single process. The core problem is that finishing a task and confirming an external delivery — such as a webhook, email, or chat message — have distinct failure boundaries and must be tracked separately. Developers are advised to maintain two independent state machines: an execution record that logs whether a task completed, and a delivery ledger that tracks whether the external system actually accepted the outgoing message. A reliable fix involves committing results and delivery items in sequence, using stable idempotency keys, and querying provider records before retrying after a crash. Engineers should also inject failures at each processing boundary during testing and verify provider-side effects, not just local logs, to confirm duplicate sends are truly prevented.

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