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Why Knowing What Credentials Were on a Compromised Laptop Is So Hard

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When a developer's laptop is stolen or compromised, security teams must quickly determine which credentials were exposed — a process experts call answering the 'blast radius question.' Most organizations lack a pre-incident credential inventory, forcing responders to reconstruct exposed secrets manually under time pressure or rotate everything indiscriminately. Credentials are scattered across .env files, shell histories, CLI caches, SSH keys, and AI tool caches, making comprehensive discovery difficult. GitGuardian's 2026 report found 28.6 million new secrets leaked on public GitHub in 2025 alone, a 34% year-over-year increase, underscoring the scale of the problem. Security experts argue that maintaining a per-machine credential inventory before an incident occurs is the key to faster, more precise response and a smaller blast radius.

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