Why butter is yellow but milk is white: The science explained
Milk looks white because its microscopic particles scatter all wavelengths of visible light equally. Butter gets its yellow color from beta-carotene, a pigment found in milk fat that originates from the grass cattle eat. The intensity of the yellow shade depends on how fresh the grass in the cows' diet is. Some butter appears white when cows convert beta-carotene into vitamin A instead of storing it. To maintain a consistent golden color year-round, manufacturers sometimes add a natural dye called annatto.
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