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What Privileged Access Management Is and Why Organizations Use It

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Privileged accounts such as root, Administrator, and service credentials are prime targets for attackers, yet they are often shared among staff, contractors, and scripts. Privileged Access Management (PAM) tools address this by sitting between users and systems, so people never need to see those passwords and every access is justified, approved, and time-limited. Core features include encrypted credential vaults, just-in-time access, session recording, command policies, credential rotation, and tamper-evident audit trails. PAM differs from password managers, identity directories, and SIEM platforms, and it is referenced by regulations such as NIS2, DORA, ISO/IEC 27001, and Spain's ENS. The article also reviews free, self-hosted PAM options, noting that some advanced features are limited to paid editions.

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