What Passkeys Are and Why They Are Safer Than Passwords

Passkeys are a password-free authentication method built on asymmetric cryptography, where a private key stays on the user's device and only a public key is shared with the website. When logging in, the site sends a challenge that the device signs with the private key, and the site verifies it using the public key — no secret ever travels over the network. Unlike passwords, passkeys are cryptographically bound to the exact domain where they were created, making them inherently resistant to phishing and credential theft. The technology is based on the WebAuthn standard developed by the W3C and promoted by the FIDO Alliance, whose members include Google, Apple, Microsoft, and Yubico. Traditional passwords remain a leading cause of breaches worldwide due to reuse, phishing, and server-side leaks, problems that passkeys are specifically designed to eliminate.
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