Verifying RDP certificates and retrieving Windows VM passwords over Google Cloud IAP

A developer tried to follow Google's guidance for checking a Windows VM's RDP certificate against its serial port 1 log on a Windows Server 2025 instance. The serial output contained no certificate details, and the guest attribute holding the thumbprint was blocked by an organization policy, leaving nothing to compare against. The article explains that IAP tunnels carry the RDP session, while password resets are handled separately through metadata and serial port 4, which requires a different IAM role than tunnel access. It describes how a client generates a temporary key pair, the guest agent returns an encrypted password, and resets overwrite any earlier password. The author also notes timing issues and a bug in their own tool that repeatedly reset the admin password.
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