Two-Stage Invite Flow Keeps Unverified Users Out of Auth Systems

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A recommended pattern for B2B SaaS platforms holds invitations in a pending state and only creates a user record after identity verification is confirmed. The approach treats an invite as a time-limited capability rather than a user placeholder, preventing unverified email addresses from entering authorization queries. A four-state transaction model — issued, claimed, verified, and consumed — uses a hashed single-use token to prevent duplicate accounts and enumeration attacks. The final acceptance step should be executed as a single atomic database transaction, ensuring that race conditions or retries cannot produce duplicate memberships or orphaned records. For GDPR compliance, the same state machine should revoke all active sessions and API keys before an account is permanently deleted.

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