Study Shows Thermoelectric Generator Can Power IoT Sensor Without a Battery
A 2026 study published in Sensors demonstrated that a thermoelectric generator (TEG) mounted on a small industrial gearmotor could harvest enough waste heat to power a wireless sensor node without a battery. Researchers at VSB-Technical University of Ostrava installed the TEG on a 0.25 kW Bosch Rexroth gearmotor, where it operated across a stabilized temperature difference of roughly 4.8 to 5.2 degrees Celsius. Over a test period of 9,612 seconds, the node harvested 6.17 joules and consumed 6.05 joules, completing 41 wireless LoRa transmissions while maintaining a positive energy balance. The findings highlight a viable but narrowly scoped application — a duty-cycled sensor node rather than a universally maintenance-free solution. Practical deployment requires careful accounting of conversion losses, regulator draw, storage leakage, and the energy spikes caused by radio transmission.
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