Solana NFTs Can Be Minted Without Metaplex Using Token Extensions
A developer experimenting on Solana's devnet discovered that NFTs can be created using only the Token Extensions (Token-2022) program, without relying on Metaplex or any separate metadata program. On Solana, an NFT is simply a token mint configured with zero decimals, a supply of one, attached metadata, and a disabled mint authority. Over three days, the developer minted a standalone NFT, a collection mint using the Group extension, and two member NFTs linked to the collection via the Member extension. Metadata is mutable by default, meaning the update authority can change fields like name, symbol, and URI at any time, though on-chain updates reflect instantly while off-chain image caches may lag. The developer noted that Token Extensions offer a lighter, more composable alternative to Metaplex, with potential for protocol-level royalty enforcement via transfer fees.
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