SNMP monitoring requires understanding distinct roles of UDP ports 161 and 162.
SNMP uses UDP ports 161 and 162 for distinct functions: monitoring managers send queries to port 161 on devices, and agents send replies back to the manager's originating port. Notification receivers listen for traps and informs on port 162. Proper firewall configuration should restrict access to these ports from specific management networks, not open them universally. Troubleshooting should involve verifying the service is listening and testing actual SNMP requests.
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