SeaweedFS vs RustFS: Choosing the Right Open-Source Object Store for Your Needs

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SeaweedFS and RustFS are both Apache 2.0, single-binary storage solutions, but they are designed for different use cases. SeaweedFS is a distributed file system that supports S3, POSIX/FUSE mounts, and Iceberg lakehouses, using a compact 16-byte per-object index to efficiently manage billions of small files. RustFS, written in Rust, is a purpose-built S3-compatible object store modeled as a MinIO drop-in replacement, supporting features like versioning, object lock, and IAM policies. SeaweedFS is better suited for workloads requiring POSIX access or massive small-file scale, while RustFS is the simpler choice for teams that only need an S3 interface. The key distinction is that SeaweedFS is a file system with S3 capabilities, whereas RustFS is an S3 engine with no POSIX layer.

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