Rotating S3 URLs cause exponential Vercel image optimization costs

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A platform team received a billing alert showing their Vercel image optimization usage had surged from a 50,000 monthly limit to 2.3 million source images processed in a single day. The spike coincided with the launch of a new product gallery page, but logs ruled out external scrapers or flawed page rendering as the cause. Investigation revealed the issue stemmed from the use of S3 presigned URLs, which generate a unique date and signature parameter with each request. Vercel's image optimizer treats each unique URL as a new source image, bypassing its cache and causing repeated processing of identical files.

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