Proof of Work vs Proof of Stake: How Blockchain Consensus Mechanisms Compare

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Blockchain networks require a consensus mechanism to let thousands of untrusting participants agree on a single, tamper-proof record without a central authority. Proof of Work, used by Bitcoin, requires miners to solve computationally intensive puzzles, making attacks prohibitively expensive through hardware and energy costs. Proof of Stake, adopted by Ethereum, replaces that competition with financial commitment, where validators lock up native coins as collateral and are chosen to propose blocks proportionally to their stake. Both mechanisms are designed on the same core principle: making an attack on the network costlier than any potential gain. The right choice between them depends on whether a project prioritizes energy efficiency, decentralization, or security against specific threat models.

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How to Fetch Job Listings from Lever's Public Postings API Using Node.js

Lever, an applicant tracking system, offers a public Postings API that allows read-only access to a company's published job listings without requiring an API key. Developers only need a company's Lever site slug, which can be found in the career page URL, to query job data in JSON format. The API supports pagination via skip and limit parameters, along with filters for team, department, location, and commitment type. Companies hosted in Europe use a separate EU-region base URL, while US-hosted companies use the standard api.lever.co endpoint. A Node.js code walkthrough demonstrates how to paginate through all postings and normalize the returned data into a structured format.

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ProgrammingDEV Community ·

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ProgrammingDEV Community ·

How to Set Up DMARC Forensic Reports for Email Authentication Debugging

DMARC Forensic Reports (RUF) are detailed failure reports generated when individual emails fail DMARC authentication, helping postmasters diagnose specific delivery and spoofing issues. Unlike aggregate RUA reports, RUF reports include email headers, subject lines, and message snippets, making them powerful but privacy-sensitive debugging tools. Domain owners can enable RUF by adding the 'ruf' tag to their DMARC DNS TXT record, along with the 'fo' tag to control when reports are triggered. Because RUF reports contain sensitive message content, many major email providers disable or heavily redact them by default to limit privacy risks. Experts recommend starting with a 'p=none' policy, using a dedicated secure mailbox for receiving reports, and ensuring compliance with data protection regulations before enabling RUF.

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ProgrammingDEV Community ·

DMARC p=reject Boosts Email Security But Cannot Guarantee Full Deliverability

DMARC's p=reject policy instructs receiving mail servers to block unauthenticated emails impersonating a domain, making it a key milestone in email security. However, its effectiveness depends on correct configuration of underlying protocols SPF and DKIM, both of which can fail due to email forwarding or header modifications by intermediate servers. Subdomains are not automatically covered and require separate policy tags, while legitimate third-party senders must also be properly aligned or their messages will be blocked. Beyond authentication, sender reputation — shaped by spam complaint rates, bounce rates, and sending history — remains a critical factor that DMARC alone cannot address. Complementary standards such as BIMI, MTA-STS, and TLS Reporting are needed alongside DMARC to build a more complete email security and deliverability framework.

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