Practical Guide to Implementing OAuth2 and OpenID Connect in Modern Apps

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A technical guide published on DEV Community explains the distinct roles of OAuth2 and OpenID Connect (OIDC), two widely used but often confused security protocols. OAuth2 is an authorization framework that grants applications limited access to user resources, while OIDC is an authentication layer built on top of OAuth2 that identifies who the user is. For web and mobile applications, the guide recommends the Authorization Code Flow with PKCE to prevent authorization code interception attacks. It also details how to validate ID Tokens — which are JWTs — by verifying the signature, issuer, audience, expiry, and nonce using a provider's public JWKS endpoint. The guide further covers protecting APIs by validating access tokens on every request, either through local JWT verification or token introspection for opaque tokens.

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