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Свёрточные нейросети на чистом PHP: поиск границ на изображениях

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Статья продолжает серию о машинном обучении для PHP-разработчиков и посвящена свёрточным нейронным сетям (CNN) в задачах компьютерного зрения. Автор объясняет, что компьютер воспринимает изображение как матрицу чисел, описывающих яркость пикселей. Центральная операция — свёртка, при которой небольшое ядро скользит по изображению и выделяет локальные признаки, такие как границы и текстуры. Материал демонстрирует реализацию этой операции на чистом PHP 8.1 без сторонних библиотек на примере поиска вертикальных границ фильтром 3×3. Цель статьи — понять механику свёрточного слоя, а не построить полноценную нейросеть.

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