NVIDIA Open-Sources NOOA, a Framework That Defines AI Agents as Python Classes

NVIDIA Labs released NOOA (NVIDIA Object-Oriented Agents) as an open-source project this week, offering a simplified approach where an AI agent is defined as a plain Python class rather than a graph, chain, or YAML pipeline. In NOOA, class fields represent agent state, methods with real bodies serve as deterministic tools, and methods with ellipsis bodies are implemented by a large language model at runtime. The framework uses existing Python metadata — type annotations, docstrings, and method signatures — to eliminate the need for separate tool schemas or prompt templates. NVIDIA claims a 253-line NOOA agent achieves 82.2% on the SWE-bench Verified benchmark, though the package is currently only installable from source and supports Python 3.12 or 3.13. Because agents execute LLM-generated Python with broad system access, NVIDIA's own documentation advises running them inside a sandbox environment.