NSO Survey: Childcare and Housework Keep 69% of Urban Women Out of Workforce

A National Statistics Office survey has found that nearly 69% of women in India's major cities are kept out of the workforce due to childcare and household responsibilities. The findings highlight a deep-rooted gender disparity in caregiving roles within urban areas. Women in these cities also earn around 23% less than their male counterparts, pointing to a significant wage gap. However, the quality of employment for women in large cities is comparatively better than in smaller towns. The survey also noted that female labor force participation varies considerably across different urban centers.