Nine Years of GST: How India's Unified Tax Reshaped Its Economy
India's Goods and Services Tax, introduced in July 2017, replaced a fragmented indirect tax structure with a single unified system, creating a common national market. Over the past nine years, GST collections have grown significantly, while businesses have shifted to digital compliance, improving overall operational efficiency. Consumers have benefited from the elimination of tax-on-tax cascading and greater transparency in pricing. The reform has also accelerated the formalisation of the Indian economy. Authorities are now working on GST 2.0, a next-generation phase aimed at simplifying the tax structure, leveraging technology, and strengthening dispute resolution mechanisms.
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