Microsoft Power BI: How It Connects, Cleans, Models, and Visualizes Data
Power BI is a Microsoft business intelligence tool that allows users to connect to multiple data sources — including Excel, CSV files, SQL Server databases, and websites — and build interactive reports and dashboards. Once data is imported, the built-in Power Query Editor enables users to clean and transform raw data through steps such as removing duplicates, unpivoting columns, and merging tables. After cleaning, users move to the Model view to define table relationships using a star schema structure, where a central fact table links to surrounding dimension tables. A dedicated Date table is recommended to ensure DAX time-intelligence functions work correctly. DAX, or Data Analysis Expressions, is Power BI's formula language used to create calculated columns and measures, operating on entire columns rather than individual cells as in Excel.
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