JavaScript OOP Explained: Inheritance, Encapsulation, and ES6 Class Features

JavaScript supports Object-Oriented Programming through objects, prototypes, and classes, with ES6 introducing a cleaner class syntax. The four core pillars of OOP in JavaScript are inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction, and encapsulation, each serving a distinct role in structuring code. Inheritance lets one class reuse methods from another, while polymorphism allows the same method name to behave differently across subclasses. Abstraction hides internal logic from users, and encapsulation restricts direct access to data using private fields or closures. JavaScript also supports static methods, getters, and setters, which offer additional control over how class properties and behaviors are defined and accessed.