How to Verify SPF, DKIM, and DMARC Email Records Using Python

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Three DNS records — SPF, DKIM, and DMARC — determine whether emails sent by an application reach the inbox or are flagged as spam. A developer guide published on DEV Community explains how to query and validate these records programmatically using Python's dnspython library, without relying on any third-party API. SPF records can be fetched from a domain's TXT entries, while DMARC records sit on the _dmarc subdomain and include a policy field indicating how unauthenticated mail should be handled. DKIM verification requires knowing the sender's selector label, so the approach involves testing a list of commonly used selectors against the domain. Missing DKIM records or a DMARC policy set to 'none' are cited as the leading causes of legitimate mail being filtered, particularly after Gmail and Yahoo tightened bulk-sender requirements in 2024.

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