How to Manage SMS 2FA Delivery Status in a Node/Express Backend
A practical backend pattern for Node/Express apps recommends treating OTP creation, SMS delivery, and code verification as three distinct steps rather than a single operation. Developers are advised to store the vendor's message identifier after sending an OTP and poll its delivery status on a schedule, rather than relying on webhooks or assuming immediate delivery. The approach uses local application states such as delivery_pending, retry_available, verified, and expired to keep carrier timing separate from authentication logic. Automatic resends are discouraged due to risks of out-of-order codes, abuse, and cost overruns; instead, bounded exponential backoff with a hard deadline and an explicit user action is recommended. For managed SMS providers, the guidance favors sticking with already-integrated services like Twilio, Vonage, or AWS SNS unless there is a clear operational reason to switch.
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