How to Build IT Infrastructure That Is Truly Highly Available
The term 'high availability' has become so overused in the tech industry that it has lost its precise meaning, often applied to systems that have never been rigorously designed to a specific uptime target. True high availability requires setting a concrete availability percentage per system — such as 99.95%, which allows roughly 4.4 hours of downtime annually — based on measurable business impact. A common failure in practice is assembling redundant-looking components without tracing end-to-end dependencies, leaving hidden single points of failure, such as two database servers sharing one storage array. Redundancy itself operates at distinct levels — component, system, and site — and each addresses a different class of failure, making them non-interchangeable in design. Achieving genuine high availability demands verified, calculated design rather than assumed redundancy from architecture diagrams.
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