How to build content moderation labels using chat completions and JSON schema

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A developer building RAG and agent features in Python shares lessons from replacing a dedicated moderation endpoint with a chat completions call that returns structured JSON labels. The system uses six categories — safe, spam, abuse, sexual, violence, and needs_review — validated against a strict JSON schema before data reaches the database. The author found that the prompt itself was straightforward, but defining a versioned label taxonomy and building a reliable eval set required most of the real effort. Collapsing overlapping categories like scams, phishing, and unsolicited promotion into a single spam label improved consistency, since the human reviewer treated them identically anyway. The approach is cost-effective due to short inputs and minimal outputs, with only around 4% of traffic escalated to a more capable model for ambiguous cases.

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