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How PDF Compression Works Without Blurring Text, Using Ghostscript and pikepdf

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Large PDFs often exceed upload or email limits, and common shrinking methods flatten text and break links. The article explains that most bloat comes from oversized raster images, unsubsetted font tables, embedded design metadata, and incremental save histories. Its proposed pipeline keeps text and vector graphics intact while resampling embedded images to lower resolutions such as 144 DPI or 72 DPI. Ghostscript's pdfwrite device handles the image resampling and stream compression, while pikepdf strips orphaned objects and redundant history. The authors report size reductions of roughly 40% to 80%, with the method wrapped into a free online PDF compressor.

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