How HTTP/2 Multiplexing Replaced Multiple Connections with One Efficient Link

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HTTP/1.1 handled growing web traffic by opening multiple TCP connections simultaneously, which improved page load speeds but created significant overhead in handshakes, memory, and CPU usage. Engineers identified that the core issue was not network capacity but how HTTP utilized the network. HTTP/2 was developed to address this by introducing multiplexing, which allows multiple requests and responses to travel concurrently over a single TCP connection as independent streams. The protocol breaks data into smaller units called frames, which can be interleaved across streams and reassembled correctly by the browser. HTTP/2 also shifted from a text-based format to binary, making it more efficient for computers to process.

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