How Data Modelling, Relationships and Joins Shape Effective Power BI Reports

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Data modelling in Power BI involves organising tables, columns, and relationships so that multiple data sources work together accurately for analysis. Rather than storing everything in one large flat table, data is typically split into fact and dimension tables connected by keys. Three main modelling approaches exist: flat tables, star schemas, and snowflake schemas, each with distinct trade-offs in complexity and performance. The star schema, where a central fact table links to surrounding dimension tables, is widely recommended for Power BI due to its simplicity and compatibility with DAX calculations. Relationships between tables also involve cardinality, filter direction, and join types in Power Query, all of which affect how reports filter and display data correctly.

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