Harvest Now, Decrypt Later: por qué Internet está actualizando su criptografía

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Una amenaza conocida como Harvest Now, Decrypt Later consiste en interceptar y almacenar comunicaciones cifradas hoy para intentar descifrarlas en el futuro con computadoras cuánticas. Los algoritmos de clave pública como RSA y ciertos intercambios de claves basados en curvas elípticas son los más expuestos a ese riesgo. Los datos que deben permanecer confidenciales durante décadas son los más preocupantes, mientras que los secretos de corta vida presentan un riesgo menor. Para responder, el NIST publicó en agosto de 2024 el estándar FIPS 203, que especifica ML-KEM, un mecanismo de intercambio de claves poscuántico que se ejecuta en computadoras convencionales. Una estrategia de transición popular combina algoritmos clásicos con poscuánticos de forma híbrida, de modo que la protección se mantenga si uno de los componentes resiste.

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ProgrammingDEV Community ·

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