Designing Reliable SMS Verification for US Signup Flows
The article argues that SMS verification should be built around explicit reliability boundaries, with challenges created once, queued durably, and sent through replaceable provider adapters. It stresses single-use, expiring tokens, idempotency keys for each send attempt, and observable provider responses so duplicate or lost messages are avoided. Delivery receipts are treated as evidence of transmission rather than proof a person read the message, and timeouts are treated as unknown outcomes requiring investigation. The author also warns that failover to a second provider can create duplicate valid links, and that US carrier registration, filtering, and throughput often matter more than API convenience when choosing a provider.
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