China Races to Develop Homegrown Chip Lithography to Rival ASML

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China is pushing to develop its own advanced semiconductor lithography technology, aiming to reduce dependence on Dutch firm ASML, the world's dominant supplier of chipmaking equipment. ASML's extreme ultraviolet (EUV) machines are critical for producing cutting-edge chips, but export restrictions have blocked China from accessing them. Beijing has responded by heavily investing in domestic alternatives through state-backed companies such as SMEE. However, experts note that China still faces a significant technological gap, as replicating ASML's decades of engineering expertise and complex global supply chain remains an enormous challenge.

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