C# 12 inline arrays and stackalloc enable safe, allocation-free buffers

C# 12 introduces inline arrays, which are fixed-size buffers within a struct that avoid heap allocations and unsafe code. They function as a managed, safe alternative to traditional C-style fixed buffers. The compiler transforms element access into calls to runtime intrinsics rather than standard array operations. Similarly, modern stackalloc syntax safely wraps raw stack pointers within Span types. Decompilers must recognize these patterns to accurately reconstruct the original source code from the compiled intermediate language.