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BRIN Indexes Cut Storage Dramatically for Append-Only PostgreSQL Time-Series Tables

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A DEV Community tutorial explains how PostgreSQL's BRIN indexes can serve time-series tables far more compactly than B-tree indexes. Instead of storing one pointer per row, a BRIN index keeps min and max summaries for groups of contiguous heap pages, so it can skip irrelevant blocks during queries. The author benchmarks on PostgreSQL 16.2 with a 500-million-row events table and reports an index around 6 MB versus 1 to 3 GB for a B-tree on a timestamp column. The effectiveness of BRIN depends on physical correlation between storage order and column values, which is naturally high for append-only workloads, and the guide offers correlation thresholds and pages_per_range tuning advice.

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