11 situations a Stripe webhook handler must handle, from duplicates to disputes

Stripe delivers webhooks at least once, sometimes out of order and sometimes late, which causes common billing bugs such as duplicate emails and lost payments. The article outlines 11 scenarios a handler should be tested against, including duplicate deliveries, out-of-order events, replayed requests, and tampered bodies. For each scenario it gives a one-line fix, such as storing event IDs to skip repeats and verifying signatures against raw request bytes. Other cases covered include null customer emails, async payments, failed renewals, refunds, and disputes. The piece is promotional, offering a paid testing pack alongside its free material.